we managed to deploy to kubernetes using this dockerfile, this might also work on other systems as well:
FROM node:${nodeVersion}
ADD bundle /app
RUN cd /app/programs/server && npm install
WORKDIR /app
EXPOSE 8888
CMD ["node", "main.js"]
this file should be next to the unpacked build folder, which you create with
meteor build --server xxx --architecture os.linux.x86_64 --directory /path/to/
so /path/to/ should contain the dockerfile and a foder /bundle.
the nodeVersion can be fixed, or you read the recommended version from the meteor bundle:
cat /path/to/bundle/.node_version.txt
This does not contain a mongodb as we run that separatly.