You can set it up. You’ll need to consider offline storage for your data and your static assets (CSS, JS bundle, images, etc.).
You can take care of the data system by using something like Ground:DB or an alternative for Apollo, Redux, etc. if you use any of those.
You can take care of the static assets using Meteor’s appcache package, which is a Meteor first-party offline solution. The problem with it is that it’s based on old browser appcache API, as its name suggests, and that is outdated, will kick up warnings, and will be removed at some point in the future. But it does work today, and even supports tricky packages (for offline first support) such as dynamic-imports for code splitting.
There are service workers out there, which you can manually copy into your public folder, and link up, etc. but I’m hoping for a better service worker solution at some point.