You mention receiving huge sets of data from 3rd party providers, which clearly requires a server side solution.
But then you mention react and angular which are purely client side presentation technologies.
I sincerely believe you need to do some more research on what javascript frameworks/platforms are, which ones are for the user interfaces and which ones are for server side processing.
Nodejs in that land is the barebones server platform/technology that interprets javascript in a vm environment that runs on the server. It is powerful with short, low-cpu-bound, single-threaded, mainly event driven and asynchronous tasks.
Meteor builds on top of node on the server side and adds some client side tools to provide an all-round platform that utilizes the same core apis on both the server and the client.
Your requirement about getting data from 3rd party services is not related to what meteor brings on the table, although having consistent client/server apis and publication of that data to the client subscriptions is most definitely a plus.
But, again, your questions lead me to think that you are only vaguely familiar with javascript-based technologies and this will be a big problem for you if you don’t solve this first.
A typical learning curve from zero to javascript&node&meteor chief programmer title is realistically not less than a year. Since you say that you are already hold a chief and a manager position with your php skills and having a complex task at hand, I still think you are wasting your precious time reading/writing on this forum.
But if you have the time, and want this project to also be a learning experience, meteor is much easier to grasp compared to other similar platforms.
If you are set on learning meteor, I suggest you first take 5-7 weeks to go through http://javascriptissexy.com/how-to-learn-javascript-properly/ and take 3-4 weeks to go through http://javascriptissexy.com/learn-meteor-js-properly/ and https://www.discovermeteor.com/ after which you will be able to begin working on your actual app while reading through https://bulletproofmeteor.com/ as well as some nodejs resources.
This is probably not the answer you want to hear but I’m trying to be honest about what you’ll need to face.
Again, we are all here to help should you have any question, no matter how trivial you think it would be.